By Victor V. Motti*
In a recent book interview on Planetary Foresight and Ethics, I was asked to identify a narrative or myth that could help us make sense of artificial intelligence’s (AI) role in human civilization. My answer drew from a powerful and ancient story found in Abrahamic traditions: the story of Moses and Aaron. This myth offers more than a metaphor; it provides a moral and structural lens through which we can understand the promise—and peril—of our relationship with AI.
The Story: Message and Messenger
In the biblical tale, Moses is chosen to lead his people out of bondage and toward a promised future. Yet, he hesitates—not because he lacks vision, but because he doubts his ability to communicate. In response, God appoints Aaron, Moses’ brother, to serve as his spokesperson. Moses would conceive the message; Aaron would deliver it. The vision and the voice became a partnership.
Today, this dynamic finds a modern echo in the relationship between humans and artificial intelligence. We, like Moses, are the source of vision, values, and direction. AI, like Aaron, is the voice: the executor, the amplifier, the enabler of the human message.
The Human Role: Creators of Meaning
Humans bring to the table creativity, ethical judgment, and philosophical inquiry. We define the problems we care about—climate change, justice, education, healthcare—and we imagine the futures we hope to build. These are not computations or optimizations; they are moral decisions. As Moses stood atop Mount Sinai to receive a code of law, we stand today at a digital summit, deciding what kinds of societies we want to create with AI as our tool.
This places an enormous responsibility on human shoulders. We are not just developers of algorithms—we are the authors of the message. And with that authorship comes the moral weight of stewardship.
AI’s Role: The Great Amplifier
AI, in this narrative, is not the originator. It does not choose its values or define its goals. Instead, like Aaron, it delivers. It translates abstract ideas into concrete systems. It takes our messages and makes them scalable, actionable, and—at times—extraordinarily powerful. From predictive healthcare to autonomous vehicles, from personalized education to economic forecasting, AI is our most eloquent, far-reaching emissary.
Yet just as Aaron did not replace Moses, AI should not and cannot replace human wisdom. It is a tool—not a conscience. Its power is not in original thought but in faithful, efficient implementation. The danger lies in confusing the messenger with the message, the amplifier with the author.
The Cautionary Tale: When Aaron Built the Golden Calf
The Moses–Aaron analogy does not end in harmony. There is a darker chapter. When Moses ascends the mountain and leaves the people in Aaron’s care, a crisis of leadership ensues. Under social pressure and in the absence of vision, Aaron yields. He builds the golden calf—a false idol, born not of purpose but of fear, popularity, and convenience.
This, too, is a parable for our age.
In the absence of human oversight, AI may be driven not by ethical design but by market incentives, political manipulation, or data bias. It may prioritize efficiency over empathy, profit over justice, or engagement over truth. These are our modern golden calves: algorithmic feeds that exploit attention, platforms that polarize, surveillance tools that erode privacy. When we abdicate moral leadership, AI doesn’t fail—it succeeds in the wrong direction.
Lessons for Our Time
The Moses–Aaron analogy resonates because it emphasizes both the potential and the responsibility of human–AI collaboration. It reminds us of three vital truths:
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Human judgment must lead. We are not building gods; we are building tools. Our moral and ethical presence must remain central.
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AI is powerful, but not autonomous. Its strength lies in its ability to carry forward human intention. That is both its gift and its risk.
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Leadership requires presence. Delegation without guidance leads to misalignment. We must not step away from the systems we create. We must return, like Moses, to correct, recalibrate, and renew.
Conclusion: The Moral of the Myth
The story of Moses and Aaron gives us a compelling blueprint for our relationship with AI. It affirms a collaborative model where humans design the message and AI delivers it. But it also issues a solemn warning: without ethical leadership, our tools may become idols. In our awe of technology, we risk forgetting our role as moral stewards.
AI is our Aaron—but only if we remain its Moses. Let us not only be creators of brilliant messages but also guardians of how those messages are spoken into the world.
* Victor V. Motti is the author of Planetary Foresight and Ethics